作者=德兰格Sjoukje我。Mellink Yvette Vriend保罗,Tasseron保罗·F。Begemann却芬恩,霍克Rahel, Aalderink本意,哈默尔埃里克,简颂彼得,艾伯Nonna, Lohr Ansje J。,Lotcheris露美、Schreyers路易斯Vos薇薇安,van Emmerik蒂姆·h . m . TITLE =样本量要求河岸macrolitter描述=前沿》杂志上水量= 4年= 2023 URL = //www.thespel.com/articles/10.3389/雷竞技rebatfrwa.2022.1085285 DOI = 10.3389抽象/ frwa.2022.1085285 ISSN = 2624 - 9375 =人为陆地和淡水系统的垃圾随处可见,并且可以具有重大的经济和生态的影响。监测和建模的人为垃圾带有很大不确定性是因为各种各样的垃圾的特点,包括大小,质量,项目类型。目前尚不清楚什么样本集的影响大小是垃圾项目统计数据的可靠性和代表性。需要可靠的项目统计数据(1)改进监测策略,(2)参数化垃圾在运输模型,和(3)将垃圾数量为股票和质量通量的计算。在这篇文章中,我们量化样本集规模要求河岸垃圾特性,使用数据库超过14000 macrolitter物品(> 0.5厘米),采样为1年8沿着荷兰莱茵河岸的位置,艾塞尔河,和默兹河。我们使用这个数据库来执行基于蒙特卡洛的引导分析项目统计,确定样本容量之间的关系和变化均值和中位数的值。在此基础上,我们提出样本集规模需求,选择相应的不确定性和信心的水平。 Optima between sampling effort and information gain is suggested (depending on the acceptable uncertainty level), which is a function of litter type heterogeneity. We found that the heterogeneity of the characteristics of litter items varies between different litter categories, and demonstrate that the minimum required sample set size depends on the heterogeneity of the litter category. This implies that more items of heterogeneous litter categories need to be sampled than of heterogeneous item categories to reach the same uncertainty level in item statistics. For example, to describe the mean mass the heterogeneous category soft fragments (>2.5 cm) with 90% confidence, 990 items were needed, while only 39 items were needed for the uniform category metal bottle caps. Finally, we use the heterogeneity within litter categories to assess the sample size requirements for each river system. All data collected for this study are freely available, and may form the basis of an open access global database which can be used by scientists, practitioners, and policymakers to improve future monitoring strategies and modeling efforts.